Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens was a Chilean physician a nd socialist politician who served as the 28th President of Chile. Allende was head of the Popular Unity government from 3 November 1970 until his s uicide on 11 September 1973 during a US-backed military coup led by Augus to Pinochet. He was the first Marxist to be elected president in a liberal democracy in Latin America.Â
President Allende immediately embarked on what he called âthe Chilean path to socialism"\, nationalising the co pper industry that had been dominated by U.S. companies and using the money to fund land redistribution while improving health care\, education and li teracy.
Allende's embrace of socialism was a Cold War nightmare for U .S. President Richard Nixon\, who approved a covert campaign to aggravate t he countryâs economic chaos and helped provoke the military takeover.Â
The September 11 coup was initially supported by many Chileans who wer e fed up with runaway inflation\, chronic shortages and factory takeovers. But it destroyed what they had proudly described as South Americaâs stron gest democracy. Pinochet went on to shut down Congress\, outlaw political p arties and send security forces to round up and kill suspected dissidents.< /p>
Pinochet's dictatorial regime arrested some 130\,000 people over a th ree year period\, many of them imprisoned for political reasons. Approximat ely 3\,000 people were killed\, and many more were violently tortured.
LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Salvador Allende (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240604 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240605 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:0spjlis02rkg301gqdnk34vt1o@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 4th of June marks the anniversary of British suffragette ca mpaigner Emily Wilding Davison's protest at the Epsom Derby in 1913. Daviso n stepped in front of 'Anmer'\, the King's horse\, as a protest in support of women's voting rights. She died from her injuries four days later and be came a martyr for the Suffragette movement. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Emily Davison's Protest at the Epsom Derby (UK\, 1913) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:93CBBF73-0C2D-463A-8835-8149107EC5F7 UID:93CBBF73-0C2D-463A-8835-8149107EC5F7 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240414 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240415 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:10df01f1p1hkk3523hc73mov5u@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Simone de Beauvoir was a titans of 20th century thought. A philosopher\, writer\, social critic and feminist activist\, she was born in France in 1908 and achieved worldwide fame for her contributio n to feminist theory and activism. During her life she published over twent y books\, the most famous being her ground-breaking treatise The Second Sex in 1949\, a detailed analysis of womenâs oppression and a foundational tract of contemporary feminism.Â
In The Seco nd Sex\, Simone de Beauvoir turned the existentialist mantra that  existence precedes essence into a feminist one: âYou a re not born a woman: you become one.â This famous phrase articulated the distinction between biological sex and socially-constructed gender. The fun damental source of womenâs oppression\, she argued\, is the way in which femininity has been defined and stereotyped. Aside from writing\, Beauvoir was active in the womenâs liberation movement of the 1970s and fought for the legalisation of abortion.Â
Beauvoir died of pneumonia in 1986\, but her legacy lives on in the work of feminist theorists around the world \, from Monique Wittig and Juliet Mitchell to Donna Haraway and Judith Butl er.
LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Simone de Beauvoir (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240926 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240927 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:12eplsr51nkq8r9ku33rhp120p@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Hong Kong started out as an island\, claimed for the British Em pire in 1842\, and subsequently expanded\, mostly with the purchase of a 99 year lease on land on the mainland of China. When the lease came to its end\, China pressed for the return of the whole territory to its control. I n 1997\, the UK made an agreement with China for "one country\, two systems "\, hoping that would safeguard the personal liberties of the territory's p opulation. Yet Hong Kong's people felt their rights increasingly trampled o n\, and demonstrators brought the territory virtually to a standstill in 20 14 demanding the right to pick their own leaders. This was the birth of the so-called 'Umbrella Movement' or 'Umbrella Revolution'. Umbrellas were use d in defence against the Hong Kong Police's use of pepper spray to disperse crowds\, and became a symbol of non-violent resistance. Further steps to limit freedoms have continued\, including the incarceration of pro-democrac y politicians in 2020. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Hong Kong Umbrella Movement (2014) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240718 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240719 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:1fvb22ljbuspglq7a68o57sgr8@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Nelson Mandela's birthday\, the 18th of July\, is designated 'M andela Day'\, in honor of the South African campaigner\, revolutionary and former president. The purpose of the day is to honor Mandela's legacy and v alues\, including his resistance to the apartheid regime and his support fo r social justice worldwide. Citizens are encouraged to engage in voluntary and community work that promotes peace\, reconciliation and cultural divers ity. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Mandela Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:14FD797B-B3BE-428A-8E9D-928AE465C98D UID:14FD797B-B3BE-428A-8E9D-928AE465C98D END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240819 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240820 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:27d10njpb8qvpdqn2dcgala7hs@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:World Humanitarian Day honors those who work in humanitarian fi elds and those who have lost their lives working for humanitarian causes. I t is designated as the 19th of August in honor of Special Representative Se rgio Vieira de Mello\, a Brazilian national\, and 21 of his colleagues\, wh o were killed in the bombing of the UN Headquarters in Baghdad in 2003. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Humanitarian Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:B228FDFD-EB4A-4329-9AC2-090F28E9A856 UID:B228FDFD-EB4A-4329-9AC2-090F28E9A856 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240705 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240706 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:29pgsafqij1ddc3sl09dn5uftk@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The UK's National Health Service came into being on the 5th of July 1948\, implementing legislation passed over the previous two years by the post-war Labour government and its Health Minister\, Aneurin Bevan. The founding principles of the NHS included it being comprehensive\, universal and free at the point of delivery\, and it remains the world's largest pub licly funded health service. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:NHS Birthday (UK\, 1948) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:9D5EB31A-0344-46F9-B349-FCBF8CB6E638 UID:9D5EB31A-0344-46F9-B349-FCBF8CB6E638 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241001 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241002 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:2tpj33bn53qctsc9r91s2jlpi4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:LGBT History Month is celebrated every October in United States since 1994. It was first proposed by Missouri high school history teacher Rodney Wilson\, who chose October due to the establishment of National Comi ng Out Day in the late 1980s on October 11. October also marks the first Na tional March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights\, which took place in 1979. In addition to LGBT History Month\, LGBT Pride Month is also celebra ted each year in June to commemorate the Stonewall Riots. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Start of LGBT History Month (US\, October) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:6D12A93A-63C4-4C9E-8E17-DB3CB7F169F1 UID:6D12A93A-63C4-4C9E-8E17-DB3CB7F169F1 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240605 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240606 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:32ob97pvc6ak24f802a8hcgqfg@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:World Environment Day has been run by the United Nations Enviro nment Programme (UNEP) since 1974 to raise global awareness of the conditio n of the environment and of the need to take positive environmental action. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Environment Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:302774A2-E603-44AB-A7D9-799EBB039C5F UID:302774A2-E603-44AB-A7D9-799EBB039C5F END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241024 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241025 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3cqrmlmg7vn2is0aajfsmh87nk@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 24th of October is the birthday of the United Nations\, an intergovernmental organization established in 1945 to promote international peace and cooperation. The UN Charter was ratified on this day by the majo rity of its signatories\, including the five permanent members of the UN Se curity Council. The UN seeks to publicize its history\, achievements and go als on the day. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:United Nations Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:26E01A6B-4646-45F9-A825-7EACD44DDEF4 UID:26E01A6B-4646-45F9-A825-7EACD44DDEF4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240619 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240620 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:4m9ur8c4kfm28f3vurt6f3apfr@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Juneteenth is a holiday celebrating the emancipation of those w ho were enslaved in the US. The 19th of June is the anniversary in 1865 if Union Army general Gordon Granger proclaiming freedom from slavery in Texas . LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Juneteenth TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241210 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241211 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:56e6vvkmdn3gno0rdf0hsjpjbo@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Human Rights Day is observed annually in recollection of the ad option by the United Nations General Assembly of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on December 10th 1948. The day is marked by various exhibit ions\, cultural events announcements and conferences related to matters of human rights. The Nobel Peace Prize is traditionally awarded on the same da y. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Human Rights Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:226701C5-233C-4B33-9BCD-AD53E066ADCD UID:226701C5-233C-4B33-9BCD-AD53E066ADCD END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241120 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241121 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:5uj7gape15ufbk83sg5dreb5k4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Universal Children's Day celebrates children globally. The day originated in the 19th century and was subsequently set by Turkey in the 19 20s\, before being adopted by the United Kingdom in 1954 as the 20th of Nov ember. The United Nations later adopted both the Declaration of the Rights of the Child\, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child\, on the 20th of November in 1959 and 1989 respectively. The purpose of the day is to pro mote action in support of children's welfare. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Universal Children's Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:449D0CA8-BB14-451E-BB43-6B11B1DE8CE7 UID:449D0CA8-BB14-451E-BB43-6B11B1DE8CE7 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240307 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240308 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:608vcgpk708upoh5ae8gels27p@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The Selma to Montgomery marches were a series of three prote st marches that took place in 1965 in Alabama along the 54-mile (87 km) h ighway from Selma\, Alabama to the state capital of Montgomery.
The marches were organised by non-violent activists to demonstrate the desire of African-American citizens to exercise their constitutional right to vot e\, in defiance of segregationist repression\; they were part of a broader voting rights movement underway in Selma and throughout the American South . By highlighting racial injustice\, they contributed to the passage that year of the Voting Rights Act\, a landmark Federal achievement of the civil rights movement.Â
The first march took place on March 7\, 1965\, wh en then-25-year-old activist John Lewis led over 600 marchers across the E dmund Pettus Bridge in Selma\, Alabama\, and faced brutal attacks by oncomi ng state troopers. Footage of the violence collectively shocked the nation and galvanised the fight against racial injustice. The event became known as "Bloody Sunday".
The second march\, a day that would become known as "Turnaround Tuesday"\, took place on March 9. Martin Luther King Jr l ed about 2\,500 marchers out onto the Edmund Pettus Bridge and held a short prayer session before turning them around\, thereby obeying the court orde r preventing them from making a full march.
The third march started o n March 21. Protected by 1\,900 members of the Alabama National Guard\, FBI agents and Federal marshals\, the marchers marched along Route 80Â and arr ived in Montgomery on March 24. With thousands having joined the campaign\, 25\,000 people entered the capital city that day in support of voting righ ts.
The route is memorialised as the Selma to Montgomery National His toric Trail. The Voting Rights Act became law on August 6\, 1965.
LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Selma to Montgomery Marches 1965 TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240429 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240430 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:7q0u7gi2567ifk3tla319prau8@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:April 29th has been marked since 2005 as a day of remembrance f or victims of chemical warfare. The day corresponds to the anniversary of t he adoption of the 1997 UN Chemical Weapons Convention and highlights the i nternational community's commitment to ban chemical weapons. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Day of Remembrance for Victims of Chemical Warfare TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:4DCC8F91-58C5-4696-AE03-A1765C091E89 UID:4DCC8F91-58C5-4696-AE03-A1765C091E89 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240220 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240221 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:84c6bgk229dg6siahli48k2rd8@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The World Day of Social Justice has been marked annually by the United Nations since 2007. Member states are invited to promote national a ctivities that support efforts towards eradicating poverty\, promoting full employment as well as decent working conditions\, gender equity\, and acce ss to social well-being and justice for all. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Day of Social Justice TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5E6DCE60-6759-4919-A904-B42BFA33911F UID:5E6DCE60-6759-4919-A904-B42BFA33911F END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241201 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241202 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:8k02d0di17ptek6rgoh5djhp3g@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On December 1st 1955\, African American woman Rosa Parks (1913- 2005) refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in Montgome ry\, Alabama\, thereby contravening the state's Jim Crow laws. She was arre sted and fined\, and on the day of her court hearing four days later\, a ma ss boycott of Montgomery's public transport system was initiated in protest . It was a seminal moment in the campaign for civil rights in the United St ates\, and led to the emergence of Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King as a lea der for the movement. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Rosa Parks' Montgomery Bus Protest (1955) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:4CCABBE1-0957-4581-8E93-6F35F477AB78 UID:4CCABBE1-0957-4581-8E93-6F35F477AB78 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241104 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241105 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:9cvhil0emve734se7m9fmpq2qg@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Chartism was a working-class movement for political reform in B ritain in the first half of the 19th century which took its name from "The People's Charter" of 1838. On November 4th 1839\, the Chartist Movement\, w ho were campaigning for democratic rights in Britain\, took part in the New port Rising. Workers from across South Wales marched on the Westgate Hotel in the city of Newport\, where several Chartists had allegedly been impriso ned. Government troops opened fire and 22 rebels were killed\, but the Newp ort Rising was an important milestone in advancing the cause for democratic rights and representation in 19th century Britain. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Newport Rising Anniversary (UK\, 1839) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:C632ECF9-7733-4857-B03D-6BDB2EE2A2A6 UID:C632ECF9-7733-4857-B03D-6BDB2EE2A2A6 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240503 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240504 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:0ACDC3FA-0D2E-4286-BCE8-2A020837BFCE CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:One of the most preeminent folk musicians in American history\, Pete Seeger (1919-2014) was also a prominent activist and singer of protes t music in support of peace\, civil rights\, counterculture\, and environme ntal causes. After Seeger's musical career took off in the 1940s\, he and f ellow members of the Weavers\, a New York City-based folk quartet\, were bl acklisted for alleged communist activities during the infamous McCarthy inv estigations. Seeger would reemerge however during the 1960s\, becoming a le ading musical figure in the American Civil Rights Movement as well as the c ampaign against the Vietman War. He is credited with writing many well-know n folk songs including "Where Have all the Flowers Gone?"\, "If I Had a Ham mer\," and "Turn\, Turn\, Turn!". He is also acknowleged for helping to pop ularize the civil rights anthem "We Shall Overcome." In his later years\, S eeger's focus turned to education and the environment. Together with his wi fe and fellow radical Toshi\, Seeger founded the Sloop Clearwater and Clear water Festival to draw attention to the pollution of New York State's Hudso n River\, while inspiring future generations of activists young and old. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Pete Seeger (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:0D9096CD-33D3-4613-93B5-FEED04172332 UID:0D9096CD-33D3-4613-93B5-FEED04172332 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240530 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240531 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:0AE61853-7C1C-4CF8-9264-6FEEFA88EEC9 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Also known as Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising\, the P easants' Revolt of 1381 was a major uprising across England which lasted fo r nearly six months. Triggered by a variety of socioeconomic and political tensions stemming from the Black Death and the Hundred Years' War with Fran ce\, on this day in 1381 a wide spectrum of rural English society rose up i n protest against the London-based ruling class\, demanding a reduction in taxation and an end to the practice of serfdom. Though the rebellion was ev entually crushed\, the rebels ultimately got much of what they wanted. Fear ful of future uprisings\, the government had to limit its plans to raise ta xes to fund its military adventurism in Europe\, as well as other concessio ns. The institution of serfdom\, meanwhile\, went into decline and vanished entirely shortly thereafter. The 1381 Peasants' Revolt experienced a surge of interest during the socialist and labor movements of the 19th and 20th centuries\, with the uprising coming to be seen and glorified as a prior ex ample of working people fighting oppression. More than 600 years later\, th e Peasants' Revolt is still with us. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Peasants' Revolt Anniversary (1381) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:58CAE17C-1EDF-4D77-8A43-3929359D19A4 UID:58CAE17C-1EDF-4D77-8A43-3929359D19A4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240712 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240713 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:0E305B03-8E1C-409C-AD93-6260A5B66391 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Malala Day is an official United Nations holiday recognising th e birthday of Malala Yousafzai (1997 - present)\, the young Pakistani activ ist shot by Taliban gunmen in 2012 as a result of her advocacy for women's education and gender rights. Today's date is also the anniversary of a spee ch given by Malala at the United Nations Headquarters on July 12th 2013\, h er 16th birthday\, which drew several rounds of standing ovations and broug ht global attention to Malala's story and cause. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Malala Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:2DB8FB86-2AD5-4F7C-9E9E-A4CE3694B529 UID:2DB8FB86-2AD5-4F7C-9E9E-A4CE3694B529 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240910 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240911 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:146DD3BF-046A-4425-B244-D5F2E18B25AD CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Mary Wollstonecraft (1759 - 1797) was an English writer\, philo sopher and advocate of women's rights. Wollstonecraft is best known for her work 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman' (1792) was a response to the F rench Revolution's 'Declaration of the Rights of Man'\, in which she sugges ted that both men and women should be treated as rational beings and imagin ed a social order founded on reason. Today she is regarded as one of the fo unding feminist philosophers with her life and work often cited as importan t influences on modern feminism. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Mary Wollstonecraft (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:28D55C89-9252-47D8-991E-0B91F778CB67 UID:28D55C89-9252-47D8-991E-0B91F778CB67 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240419 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240420 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:148234CF-1BCF-4280-93B7-A7112245F1E7 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Today Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is one of the founda tional concepts of modern science. When Darwin (1809-1882) published his fi ndings\, however\, they were nothing short of revolutionary. The Origin of Species (1859) was the culmination of nearly two decades of Darwin research ing and testing his original theory of natural selection\, which he first c onceived in 1838 following his legendary five-year circumnavigation of the globe on the HMS Beagle. Overcoming earlier rejection of similar theories c oncerning the transmutation of species\, Darwin's evolutionary theory would be largely accepted by the scientific community within a short time after its release. At his death in April 1882\, Darwin was already celebrated as a national hero and honored with a burial in Westminster Abbey. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Charles Darwin (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:E607CD68-8CAC-4B47-92E0-75754EB60DD6 UID:E607CD68-8CAC-4B47-92E0-75754EB60DD6 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240109 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240110 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:181771DA-F349-4F44-B692-0EAE6E3FA83B CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:One of the preeminent social theorists and intellectuals of the late 20th century\, the Polish-born Bauman (1925-2017) was exiled from his country twice: first as a child during Hitler's invasion in 1939\, then du ring a communist purge in 1968 which forced Bauman to give up his Polish ci tizenship and relocate to Britain. Bauman's experiences informed much of hi s life's work\, which dealt with topics as wide ranging as modernity\, soci al exclusion\, consumerism\, and globalization. Born in 1925\, Bauman passe d away in January 2017 at the age of 91. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Zygmunt Bauman (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:A2FD62A4-738F-4DBD-ABD7-EAF09B4449FB UID:A2FD62A4-738F-4DBD-ABD7-EAF09B4449FB END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240125 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240126 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:1B4E19D6-EEDC-402C-8DFF-A99FF44C27EE CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Burns Night marks the birth date of the legendary Scottish poet Robert Burns (1759-1796). Burns was a leading pioneer of the Romantic move ment whose collections of original work and folk songs have inspired genera tions of writers\, activists\, politicians\, and ordinary Scots. Widely reg arded as Scotland's national poet\, since 1802 Burns' life and legacy have been celebrated in the days surrounding the 25th of January. Today Burns Ni ght\, marked by the traditional Burns Supper\, has morphed into a broader c elebration of Scottish culture and is a festive occasion for Scots worldwid e. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Burns Night (UK) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:4BCC4C03-9939-42FD-8678-56CBE24E6592 UID:4BCC4C03-9939-42FD-8678-56CBE24E6592 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240117 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240118 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:1E1107A8-FD5B-4992-9101-8B6B2F34B5C9 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Today one of the most celebrated sports figures of all time\, i t is easy to forget that Muhammad Ali (1942-2016) spent much of his early b oxing career as a rebel. Born Cassius Clay before changing his name and con verting to Islam after winning his first world heavyweight championship\, A li was a prominent supporter of the American Civil Rights Movement and famo usly refused to be drafted to the Vietnam War in 1966. Stripped of his pass port\, his titles\, and denied a boxing license in all 50 US states\, Ali r emade himself into an activist\, speaking at university campuses across the United States and appealing his case all the way to the US Supreme Court\, which finally overturned his conviction for draft evasion in 1971. Ali ret urned to boxing and eventually regained his titles\, before turning to reli gion and charity even as his later life was affected by Parkinson's Syndrom e. A generational talent whose exploits changed the sport of boxing inside the ring\, Ali's status as The Greatest was at least as shaped by his defia nce and cultural impact outside of it. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Muhammad Ali (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:66B5855E-F1C8-4511-8944-F4F61C3F55B4 UID:66B5855E-F1C8-4511-8944-F4F61C3F55B4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241212 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241213 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:30AD7061-E644-4C5E-BE5E-6BDE2D5BBC71 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The Paris Climate Agreement was agreed by 195 nations on this d ate in 2015\, representing the most significant global action to date to ad dress the threat of climate change. Under the agreement\, each country must determine\, plan\, and report on the actions it is taking to mitigate the emission of greenhouse gasses\, with a goal of limiting the current increas e in global average temperatures to less than 2 degrees celsius. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Paris Climate Agreement Adopted (2015) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:A2AD98AE-AD53-4C75-BE11-99A04F29C342 UID:A2AD98AE-AD53-4C75-BE11-99A04F29C342 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241102 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241103 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:328876B5-75BA-41C7-A9D3-01584D01374E CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:George Bernard Shaw (1856 - 1950) was an Irish playwright\, cri tic and polemicist whose influence on Western theatre\, culture and politic s extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays\, including major works such as "Pygmalion"\, "Arms and the Man" and "Saint Joan"\, using them as vehicles to disseminate his controversial pol itical\, social and religious views. The word "Shavian" has entered the lan guage as encapsulating Shaw's ideas and his means of expressing them. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:George Bernard Shaw (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:F309C496-6F0B-4CF1-BA06-589D13E4A820 UID:F309C496-6F0B-4CF1-BA06-589D13E4A820 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240121 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240122 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3355A4C0-2F2C-4C49-B107-0B10535061B3 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Eric Arthur Blair\, better known by his pen name George Orwell\ , was one of the 20th century's greatest literary radicals. Orwell (1903-19 50) remains known for his straightforward prose addressing issues of social injustice\, dystopia\, and totalitarian rule. Though most famous for the l ikes of Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty Four (1949)\, Orwell was als o a keen recorder of non-fiction. Like many writers of his time\, Orwell tr avelled to Spain during the Spanish Civil War to support the Republican sid e and join the fight against fascism\, an experience which would have a las ting impact on his political perspective. Homage to Catalonia (1938)\, Orwe ll's account of his experiences on the Spanish battlefield\, remains one of his most acclaimed pieces of work. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:George Orwell (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:F30FC18E-13CB-4F7B-95ED-96538505BDA2 UID:F30FC18E-13CB-4F7B-95ED-96538505BDA2 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241105 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241106 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:356616E4-6D49-4177-B50F-62C17745F037 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The tradition of Guy Fawkes Night begins in 1605\, when Guy Faw kes\, a member of the so-called Gunpowder Plot\, was caught guarding explos ives which the plotters had placed under the House of Lords in a bid to ass assinate the Protestant King James I of England and replace him with a Cath olic. After Fawkes was arrested on 5th November 1605\, members of the publi c were permitted to celebrate the king's survival with bonfires\, setting o ff an array of local and national traditions which are still observed to th is day. During the 19th century Guy Fawkes Day became a scene of protest an d class-based confrontations in some parts of the UK. Today the commemorati on has become a largely peaceful celebration of British tradition still mar ked by bonfires and extravagant fireworks. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Guy Fawkes Night (UK) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:D63D7DF0-2585-4F6C-BA70-45D1C2D9107D UID:D63D7DF0-2585-4F6C-BA70-45D1C2D9107D END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240209 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240210 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:357935EB-553B-44A3-BD2D-9A63F66B5803 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The United Procession of Women was a peaceful demonstration org anized by the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies in Great Britain \, which took place on this day in 1907. Women from all classes and social backgrounds participated in what was then the largest public demonstration for British women's suffrage to date. While the march would not result in w omen attaining the vote in the United Kingdom for another 11 years\, it had an important impact on public awareness and shaped the future tactics of s uffrage campaigners. The demonstration became known as the Mud March due to the heavy rain and muddy streets which protestors braved on the day of the march. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Suffrage Mud March Anniversary (1907) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5950A4FD-F8AA-4EB3-A7DB-3EF8B9FAA96B UID:5950A4FD-F8AA-4EB3-A7DB-3EF8B9FAA96B END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240416 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240417 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3E3CE45B-0AB5-4932-B298-25FE2AEDDF75 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Emancipation Day is an American holiday celebrated in the Distr ict of Columbia (Washington\, DC) each year on April 16th. It marks the day US President Abraham Lincoln signed the District of Columbia Compensated E mancipation Act in 1862\, which granted freedom to more than 3\,000 slaves in the nation's capital\, nine months before Lincoln issued his broader Ema ncipation Proclamation freeing 3.5 million slaves in the rebel-held America n South. Three years later\, the United States ratified the 13th Amendment\ , which formally outlawed slavery. In 2005\, Washington DC Mayor Anthony Wi lliams signed legislation making Emancipation Day an official public holida y\, which is also observed by the federal government. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Emancipation Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:6B50F2AC-7369-441D-A4A8-68251E333785 UID:6B50F2AC-7369-441D-A4A8-68251E333785 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240818 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240819 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:45852569-28AA-45E7-BDA1-57A949C4F47B CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution granted wo men the right to vote and was ratified on this date in 1920\, the culminati on of nearly 80 years of public protest and struggle. Beginning with the Se neca Falls Convention in 1848\, the movement for women's rights in the Unit ed States began to organize at a national level\, led by figures such as Su san B. Anthony\, Elizabeth Cady Stanton\, Lucretia Mott\, and many others. Though some individual US states had granted women the right to vote by the turn of the 20th century\, this was not universal and ensuing decades saw the women's suffrage movement become increasingly prominent. With the passa ge of the 19th Amendment\, in November 1920 more than 8 million women acros s the United States voted in elections for the first time. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Women in the US get the vote (1920) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:906E8C96-8148-4A03-86C3-4170E17F6067 UID:906E8C96-8148-4A03-86C3-4170E17F6067 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240628 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240629 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:50CE1725-F4CD-4DFB-BEC6-2810B0508F8C CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:In the early morning hours of June 28th 1969\, police officers raided the Stonewall Inn\, a gay-friendly bar in New York's Greenwich Villa ge. Police violence against homosexuals was common in the 1960s\, with such raids a normal feature at many LGBT nightlife establishments. On this occa sion\, however\, the raid did not go as planned. As the Stonewall Inn was b eing cleared\, a large crowd assembled outside and began to challenge the p olice. Six days of demonstrations and rioting ensued\, with "Stonewall" bec oming a watershed moment for the gay resistance and liberation movement in the United States and other nations. Within two years of the Stonewall Riot s there were gay rights groups in every American city\, as well as across C anada\, Australia\, and Western Europe. In June 1970\, the first public gay pride marches took place commemorating the one-year anniversary of the upr ising\, a radical observance which continues to this day. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Stonewall Riots Anniversary (1969) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:D252B2B1-DFE2-4AF5-A9B4-D8B767632611 UID:D252B2B1-DFE2-4AF5-A9B4-D8B767632611 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240514 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240515 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:5221F8EB-4712-42E7-8090-4E7C1A53219B CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Emma Goldman's life was one defined by revolutionary action. Bo rn in modern-day Lithuania\, Goldman (1869-1940) emigrated to the United St ates in 1885. She became a prominent labor agitator\, anarchist\, and women 's rights campaigner who was imprisoned several times for everything from " inciting to riot" to illegally distributing information about birth control . Goldman would eventually be deported from the US along with 248 other ind ividuals in 1917 for "inducing persons not to register" for the military dr aft instated when the US entered World War I. Sent to her native Russia\, G oldman quickly became disillusioned with the Soviet Union due to its suppre ssion of free and independent voices\, and spent much of the next decade tr aveling\, writing an autobiography\, and lecturing about her experiences. D espite being in her 60s at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War\, Goldman' s revolutionary streak nonetheless brought her to Spain to offer her suppor t to the anarchist faction of the rebels. Goldman returned to North America in 1939 and died in Toronto on this date in 1940. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Emma Goldman (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:082BFDB6-0568-4853-8FAA-FCC2AA8C65B3 UID:082BFDB6-0568-4853-8FAA-FCC2AA8C65B3 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240208 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240209 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:541E5E87-D9DE-4327-8A41-F94F86A5A85C CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Benjamin Lay (1682-1759) was an Anglo-American Quaker and one o f the earliest and most strident colonial anti-slavery activists. Born to a n English farming family in 1682\, Lay eventually moved to America where\, appalled by the mistreatment of black slaves\, he was among the first white abolitionists and sought to persuade his fellow Quakers that slavery was w rong. Lay made his own clothes in order to boycott slave labour\, was a str ict vegetarian\, opposed capital punishment\, the prison system\, and elite s\, and published countless pamphlets and a book. His support for the oppre ssed was partially informed by his own dwarfism. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Benjamin Lay (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:AA0EE86D-E9E2-4CE8-92D8-568144583193 UID:AA0EE86D-E9E2-4CE8-92D8-568144583193 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240519 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240520 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:60806709-86A7-4BA6-BD9C-5AE48BC7DF27 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Malcolm X Day is an American holiday honoring the birthday of t he civil rights leader Malcolm X (1925-1964). Celebrations commemorating th e life and legacy of Malcolm X are observed locally and in numerous states across the US\, with the first having taken place in Washington\, DC in 197 1. Though several attempts have been made to designate the date as an offic ially legal holiday nationally and in various states\, currently only the c ity of Berkeley\, California observes Malcolm X Day formally. In Pennsylvan ia\, the date has gained new significance in recent years following the 201 5 Ferguson Riots\, with community activities taking place in Philadelphia a nd Pittsburgh\, among other locations. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Malcolm X Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:DF1804DF-FD25-465A-ABEF-CF9CF58E02E6 UID:DF1804DF-FD25-465A-ABEF-CF9CF58E02E6 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241016 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241017 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:68463900-295E-4810-AAC2-CDB36B019168 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:In 1859\, two years before the outbreak of the American Civil W ar\, radical abolitionist John Brown (1800-1859) attempted to lead an armed slave revolt by taking over a US military arsenal at Harper's Ferry\, West Virginia. Brown's band of 22 rebels - recruited with the help of fellow ab olitionists such as Harriet Tubman - consisted of a combination of free bla ck men\, freed slaves\, white abolitionists\, and one fugivite slave. Despi te being outnumbered nearly 10-1 by a force of US marines led by none other than Robert E. Lee\, Brown's forces held out for three days until Brown hi mself was captured on the 18th of October. Though viewed initially as a foo lish exercise by many northern abolitionists and dismissed beforehand as a "suicide mission" by the likes of Frederick Douglass\, who had refused to p articipate despite Brown's pleas\, Brown's trial and subsequent execution t ransformed him and his fellow rebels into martyrs for the abolitionist caus e. Six years later\, slavery in the United States was officially abolished. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry (1859) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:AUDIO TRIGGER:-PT15H X-WR-ALARMUID:58E535AD-D4C3-4DB5-9A91-E1BCB909EA30 UID:58E535AD-D4C3-4DB5-9A91-E1BCB909EA30 X-APPLE-DEFAULT-ALARM:TRUE ATTACH;VALUE=URI:Basso END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240714 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240715 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:6857B241-E6D4-4DBD-939D-87BE310EAE11 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Bastille Day\, the 14th of July\, is the celebrated as the nati onal day of France. The day commemorates the anniversary of the Storming of the Bastille in 1789\, a decisive point in the French Revolution. The Bast ille was a fortress-prison in Paris where the French monarchy held large st ocks of ammunition and gunpowder\, in addition to political prisoners. On J uly 14th 1789\, Parisian rebels successfully occupied the Bastille\, suppor ted by mutinous French royal guards. Within just over the month\, feudalism in France was abolished and The Declaration of the Rights of Man proclaime d. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Bastille Day (France) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:C84B0352-D313-4B3A-BD06-6F520243F8F8 UID:C84B0352-D313-4B3A-BD06-6F520243F8F8 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240331 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240401 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:6A220DAF-20CC-4B0E-8A06-883E4BE25F5E CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:One of the most iconic labor organizers and civil rights activi sts in American history\, Cesar Chavez (1927-1993) co-founded the United Fa rm Workers (UFW) with fellow organizer Dolores Huerta in 1962. Originally o f Mexican-American origin\, Chavez was a farm worker himself before turning to activism and securing official recognition for UFW as the collective ba rgaining agent for 50\,000 field workers in California and Florida during t he 1970s. Renowned for his grassroots approach to labor activism and Hispan ic empowerment\, Chavez is credited with popularizing the slogan "Si\, se p uede" ("Yes we can") and was awarded the US Presidential Medal of Freedom p osthumously in 1994. In 2014 President Barack Obama proclaimed March 31 as a federal commemorative holiday in the United States\, marking the date of Chavez's birth. Numerous American parks\, streets\, and schools throughout the country bear his name. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Cesar Chavez Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:A7B12858-6D84-4AC0-A458-3B5C0481A9AB UID:A7B12858-6D84-4AC0-A458-3B5C0481A9AB END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240424 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240425 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:6ABE76B9-B1EF-4362-9680-BBD6E7AB617A CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The Easter Rising\, also known as the Easter Rebellion\, was a five-day revolutionary uprising led by Irish Republicans in April 1916. The rebels wanted to "guarantee religious and civil liberty\, equal rights and equal opportunities to all citizens" in an independent Irish Republic and sought to establish this through an open rather than covert challenge to th e British state. Although the rebellion was mercilessly put down by British forces\, it began the process of Irish independence\, which culminated in the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921\, the basis for the modern-day Republic of I reland. Although Ireland wouldn't officially break away from the British Em pire until 1937\, the culmination of the long struggle for Irish independen ce traces its roots to the rebels who first stood up during Easter 1916. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Easter Rising Anniversary (Ireland\, 1916) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:16C994E7-6587-476B-B39C-A77A96990F3C UID:16C994E7-6587-476B-B39C-A77A96990F3C END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240916 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240917 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:71F84FB5-73F9-4BCF-9852-400815B79672 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Owain Glyndwr (c. 1359 - c. 1415) - known as Owen Glendower in Shakespeare - was a Welsh ruler and the last native Welshman to hold the ti tle Prince of Wales (Tywysog Cymru). He instigated a fierce and long runnin g but ultimately unsuccessful revolt against the English rule of Wales unde r Henry IV. With his death Owain acquired a mythical status as the hero awa iting the call to return and liberate his people. The 16th of September mar ks the date of Glyndwr's being named the Prince of Wales in 1400\, which be gan his stand against the English crown. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Owain Glyndwr Day (UK) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:7E0D4FE8-616B-4DBE-81F2-F8DB0B9EA449 UID:7E0D4FE8-616B-4DBE-81F2-F8DB0B9EA449 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241009 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241010 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:7451C7F6-F5FD-49AD-BD14-D02352D1334F CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Che Guevara (1928-1967) was an Argentine Marxist\, revolutionar y\, politician\, author\, physician and guerrilla leader. Following his exe cution in Bolivia he became an icon and symbol of rebellion for leftist mov ements worldwide. Guevara had been a key figure in the Cuban Revolution in the late 1950s and would become a leading economic official in Fidel Castro 's early government. He spent much of the 1960s traveling and promoting soc ialist ideology throughout the world before cutting ties with Castro's gove rnment in 1965 and rejoining the revolutionary battlefield in Congo and Bol ivia\, where he was killed while leading a Bolivian communist guerrilla for ce in 1967. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Che Guevara (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:FBD87CBF-7A41-4899-9A1D-484286622CFA UID:FBD87CBF-7A41-4899-9A1D-484286622CFA END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241126 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241127 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:74B1850A-6AD5-408C-BF13-43195CC9DA60 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Sojourner Truth (1797-1883) was an American abolitionist and wo men's rights activist. Born into slavery in Ulster County\, New York\, Trut h escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. After going to court to recover her son\, in 1828 she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man. She gave herself the name Sojourner Truth in 18 43 after she became convinced that God had called her to "testify the hope that was in me." Truth's best-known speech was famously delivered extempora neously in 1851 at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention in which she demanded equal human rights for all women as well as for all blacks. During the Civ il War\, Truth helped recruit black troops for the Union Army and began rid ing in Washington DC's streetcars to force their desegregation. Following t he war\, Truth lobbied the federal government for seven years attempting to secure land grands for formerly enslaved persons\, though this effort was ultimately unsuccessful. A lifelong radical\, Truth continued her activism on behalf of women's rights\, prison reform\, and against capital punishmen t until the time of her death in 1883. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Sojourner Truth (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:2EF516AA-D963-4390-9912-57125B6C517F UID:2EF516AA-D963-4390-9912-57125B6C517F END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240404 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240405 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:7666BDB3-226A-4929-8175-49131777E469 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Maya Angelou (1928-2014) was an American author\, poet\, dancer \, actress and singer. She was active in the Civil Rights Movement and work ed with Martin Luther King\, James Baldwin\, and Malcolm X. Prior to becomi ng a writer\, Angelou spent much of her young life as a dancer\, before tur ning to organizing and activism at the start of the 1960s. After spending t hree years as a journalist in Ghana\, Angelou moved back to the United Stat es in 1965 and collaborated closely with many of the leading civil rights f igures of the time. Angelou's first breakthrough came in 1969 when she publ ished her first autobiography "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings\," which bro ught global acclaim. Angelou would go on to spend the next 45 years as an i nternationally renowned lecturer\, teacher\, writer\, composer\, performer\ , and director\, becoming one of America's literary and artistic legends. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Maya Angelou (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:113FAED3-AE5B-45D5-B9C7-EDC7D81CADA1 UID:113FAED3-AE5B-45D5-B9C7-EDC7D81CADA1 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240314 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240315 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:77659B31-7FBB-4001-8EB4-4069CC172061 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:While Karl Marx would become one of the most recognized thinker s and social theorists of the 19th century\, at the time of his death in 18 83 he was living in exile in London\, his political publications having cau sed him to be stripped of citizenship to his native Prussia. Just 11 mourne rs attended the funeral. Marx's ideas on capitalism\, social organization\, and political economy would go on to inspire generations of future activis ts\, thinkers\, and revolutionaries. One of those activists was iconic Brit ish Labour Party politician Tony Benn\, a longtime Member of Parliament and legend of British politics who spent much of his career advancing democrat ic socialism in the UK. Benn passed away on the same day as Marx in March 2 014\, at the age of 88\, having spent the last 13 years of his life as pres ident of the Stop the War Coalition. Like Karl Marx\, Benn's life and work continues to inspire contemporary campaigners in the fight for social justi ce to this day. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Karl Marx (1883) and Tony Benn (2014) Death Anniversaries TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:6CC4407A-D4DD-4A3A-B06D-072ED9CC9894 UID:6CC4407A-D4DD-4A3A-B06D-072ED9CC9894 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241215 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241216 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:7B08A39F-40BB-4E2C-AB8B-166DF980D2C9 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Sitting Bull (1831-1890) was a Native American leader who led m ultiple campaigns against American forces and settlements over the course o f nearly three decades. The continued expansion of the American nation put tremendous pressure on Native American lands and resources\, which were con tinually squeezed as US settlers pushed westward and slaughtered the wild h erds of buffalo on which many Native American tribes depended. During the l ate 1860s and 1870s\, Sitting Bull emerged as the most important and best-k nown of the various Native American tribal leaders in the West\, leading to his initial capture by US forces in 1881. Sitting Bull and his followers w ere eventually released onto the Standing Rock Reservation straddling the b order of North and South Dakota in 1883. He became a celebrated figure in p opular culture\, meeting Annie Oakley in 1884\, and touring with "Buffalo B ill" Cody in 1885 while charging money for his picture and autograph. Nonet heless\, he had to continually ask for permission to leave Standing Rock\, leading tensions between Sitting Bull and the US government to again rise. Amid unfounded fears that Sitting Bull was again preparing to rebel\, he wa s shot and killed during an attempted arrest in 1890. With Standing Rock ha ving emerged again in recent years as a center of protest against a hazardo us oil pipeline now running across the same reservation and its lands\, Sit ting Bull's legend and legacy of resistance to injustices committed against Native Americans in the United States continues to resonate. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Sitting Bull (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:EAEE3D98-5355-461E-BF6F-7A3F935A0718 UID:EAEE3D98-5355-461E-BF6F-7A3F935A0718 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240627 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240628 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:7B08E29D-B1EC-466F-A15F-6009B3F3EEBF CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Helen Keller Day is an annual commemorative holiday in the Unit ed States\, observed to celebrate the birthday of Helen Keller. Keller (188 0-1968) contracted a mysterious illness at the age of 19 months which left her deaf and blind\, but was educated despite her physical limitations and became the first deaf-blind person to earn a bachelor's degree. After teach ing herself to speak\, Keller went on to become a world-famous lecturer and author who\, while most known for her advocacy on behalf of persons with d isabilities\, was also a leading suffragette\, pacifist\, and radical socia list campaigner who was a member of the committee which founded the America n Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Inspirational for her individual perseveran ce\, Keller's life experiences also led her to a deep concern and care for other marginalized people\, making her a radical in many more ways than one . LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Helen Keller Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:9B19F886-4688-4B36-AA96-3C0F17DA6C75 UID:9B19F886-4688-4B36-AA96-3C0F17DA6C75 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240905 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240906 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:7D41E52E-2180-4EB7-85DE-B9624E61033B CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Labor Day is a public holiday traditionally celebrated on the f irst Monday in September\, honoring the American labor movement and the con tributions which workers have made to the prosperity and well-being of the United States. Although the exact origins of Labor Day are unknown\, it tra ces its history to the early 1880s\, when the labor and trade union movemen ts conceived of the idea that a date be set aside as a "general holiday for the laboring classes." The first modern demonstration on what is now Labor Day took place on September 5th 1882. Following a successful parade of lab or organizations in New York City\, Secretary of New York's Central Labor U nion (CLU) Matthew Maguire is credited for proposing that the first Monday in September be marked for an annual celebration. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:1 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Labor Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:883AB80F-1367-4C50-988C-232BC24DEB2D UID:883AB80F-1367-4C50-988C-232BC24DEB2D END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240824 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240825 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:878FC7AF-DEFC-46E1-B20B-DCE31D65E227 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Bayard Rustin (1912-1987) was an American civil rights activist who worked as an influential organizer and behind-the-scenes adviser to ma ny causes throughout the civil rights era. Rustin began his organizing care er working alongside fellow activist A. Philip Randolph on the March on Was hington Movement in the early 1940s\, which campaigned for the desegregatio n of the US armed forces. Rustin later played a central organizing role in other key civil rights actions such as the Freedom Rides and the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom\, where Martin Luther King - whom Rusti n had schooled on methods of non-violence and helped elevate to his leaders hip position in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference - gave his fam ous "I Have a Dream" speech. Rustin continued his career as an activist fol lowing the passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s\, promoting the unionization of African American workers and working internationally t o aid war refugees from Vietnam and Cambodia while raising awareness to the ongoing plight of Jews living in the Soviet Union. A gay man who chose to play a supporting role in the Civil Rights Movement due to public criticism s of his homosexuality\, Rustin spent his final years working on behalf of LGBT causes during the 1980s. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Bayard Rustin (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:CC2818C7-6436-4132-9734-0C6A6EF2F363 UID:CC2818C7-6436-4132-9734-0C6A6EF2F363 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240906 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240907 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:896DD011-CD74-4786-AD68-1F850945AF07 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Jane Addams (1860-1935) was an American social worker and women 's suffrage campaigner. Addams promoted issues such as the needs and childr en and mothers\, local public health and world peace\, at a time of increas ing social awareness in the US during the Progressive Era. Addams argued th at women should gain the vote in order to bring their expertise into the pu blic sphere and assist with areas of government from sanitation to schoolin g. Addams co-founded Hull House\, a large settlement house in Chicago\, and also was a co-founder of the American Civil Liberties Union in 1920. In 19 31\, Addams was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Jane Addams (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:61FAF738-AC7C-4673-BCC6-D8A256F3ED6C UID:61FAF738-AC7C-4673-BCC6-D8A256F3ED6C END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240712 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240713 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:909BB79E-2D16-46CE-A333-C8672F670709 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was an American writer\, philos opher\, abolitionist\, naturalist\, historian and transcendentalist. In 184 5 Thoreau embarked on a two-year journey living amongst nature near Walden Pond in Massachusetts\, which he eventually published into the seminal book "Walden\, or Life in the Woods." Thoreau's other famous work\, the essay " Resistance to Civil Government\," describes his refusal to pay taxes as a p rotest against both slavery and the Mexican-American War. A lifelong abolit ionist\, Thoreau did not live to see the end of slavery in the United State s. His legacy and philosophy of civil disobedience in the face of an unjust government has lived on\, however\, having inspired the political thoughts and actions of later radicals like Mohatma Gandhi\, Leo Tolstoy\, and Mart in Luther King. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Henry David Thoreau (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:B680C5C4-384E-4E53-AF70-07B93DC4B702 UID:B680C5C4-384E-4E53-AF70-07B93DC4B702 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241004 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241005 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:9357B01E-0906-4D1D-92E3-9B6D670893E5 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On this date in 1936\, the British fascist leader Oswald Mosley planned a march with his followers through the heart of East London\, then a deprived area with a high concentration of Jewish residents. The march w as seen by Jewish and community groups as a deliberate provocation\, but th e British Home Secretary refused to ban it and deployed some 6\,500 police guards to protect the 2\,500 marchers. On the day of the march\, more than a quarter of a million Londoners took to the streets and barred the way wit h roadblocks while wielding sticks and other rudimentary weapons. The prote sters adopted the slogan "They shall not pass" (No pasaran) from the Spanis h Republicans\, who used the same slogan in their Civil War against Franco' s fascists. Mosley and his fascists eventually retreated\, but not before t he day ended with some 150 arrested and 175 injured. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Battle of Cable Street Anniversary (UK\, 1936) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:90D71E2E-A93A-4DB2-9A6A-D2B10C38A2F5 UID:90D71E2E-A93A-4DB2-9A6A-D2B10C38A2F5 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240318 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240319 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:943A6424-C8C4-402A-8E97-3C51DE3EB989 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:At the start of France's Third Republic in March of 1871\, Pari s was taken over by a socialist and revolutionary government consisting of a combination of workers\, immigrants\, and radical intellectuals. Although the Paris Commune was violently suppressed by the French Army just two mon ths later\, during its brief stint in power the government conceived of and implemented a variety of social and progressive reforms which were far ahe ad of their time. The short-lived Commune became a flagship event in France 's revolutionary history and a rallying cry which would go on to inspire a variety of artists\, writers\, and future revolutionaries across Europe in the early 20th century. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Paris Commune Established (1871) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:4ECFC9C2-857C-41CE-8035-7D76FFE34174 UID:4ECFC9C2-857C-41CE-8035-7D76FFE34174 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240214 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240215 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:9908484E-6935-4C2E-BC91-0F02371443C5 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was a fierce campaigner for equa lity of all kinds long before it became fashionable. After his dramatic esc ape from slavery in the south in 1838\, he became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York and was also an active supporter of women's suffrage and the rights of native Americans. He and fe llow radical abolitionists successfully pushed Abraham Lincoln into taking a bolder position on slavery\, culminating in the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. In 1895 Douglass was the first African American to be nominated f or vice president. He was known for his oratory and wrote a number of autob iographies at various points in his life\, the first of which led him on a two-year speaking tour of Ireland and Britain in the 1840s to protect Dougl ass against recrimination from his former slaveowners. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Frederick Douglass (Birthday\, 1818) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:70EEA14A-E6B6-46A3-B3F1-819730776801 UID:70EEA14A-E6B6-46A3-B3F1-819730776801 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240331 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240401 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:99B326AB-20C1-4D1A-9B02-CD3A58D05B44 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The youngest daughter of Karl Marx\, Eleanor Marx (1855-1898) w ould go on to make her own mark as an activist. At the age of 16 Marx becam e her father's secretary\, accompanying him to socialist conferences around the world. After the elder Marx's death in 1883\, Eleanor became a foundin g member of the Socialist League in Britain and became a key figure in the European socialist and trade unionist movements. She also took up theatre a nd translation\, believing in the arts as an important tool for the develop ment of socialism and female equality. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Eleanor Marx (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:A01ADA54-43CC-4666-BAF4-637250933805 UID:A01ADA54-43CC-4666-BAF4-637250933805 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240702 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240703 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:9D1600C1-1840-4177-AD9C-85A5AC3D4A75 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The American Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed discrimination o n the basis of race\, color\, religion\, sex\, or national origin in the Un ited States. The initial culmination of over a decade of relentless campaig ning by the Civil Rights Movement in the American South and across the enti re United States\, the Civil Rights Act represents much of the legal basis for modern racial and social equality in the US and was supplemented furthe r in later years by the Voting Rights Act and other legislation. Though the Civil Rights Act remains one of the most important pieces of legislation i n American history\, 50 years on\, the struggle for racial recognition and justice continues. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:US Civil Rights Act Anniversary (1964) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:D0979971-2B6D-454D-A002-38E7E56819B4 UID:D0979971-2B6D-454D-A002-38E7E56819B4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240206 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240207 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:A087571A-E420-4F66-BC4F-5F946D270EBB CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On February 6th 1918 the UK Parliament passed the Representatio n of the People Act\, which granted voting rights to British women for the first time and also extended the franchise to all men over the age of 21\, regardless of whether or not they owned property. The initial culmination o f years of campaigning and agitation by suffrage activists both male and fe male\, the law did not go all the way in bringing full voting equality as w omen still had to be over the age of 30 and belong to a property-owning hou sehold. Universal suffrage in Britain would take ten more years\, with wome n being granted full voting equality in 1928. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Women in the UK get the vote (1918) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:0A846F44-01DF-4E9C-AAF1-8173A78F3095 UID:0A846F44-01DF-4E9C-AAF1-8173A78F3095 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240303 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240304 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:A5509B8D-0CB8-45BC-9C46-5112996DFFB1 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The "Woman Suffrage Procession" was the first suffragist parade in Washington\, DC. Organized by the suffragist Alice Paul for the Nationa l American Woman Suffrage Association\, it saw thousands of suffragists mar ching down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington\, DC on Monday\, March 3\, 191 3. Presaging the circumstances surrounding the 2017 Women's March just over 100 years later\, the 1913 event was scheduled on the day before President Woodrow Wilson's inauguration to "march in a spirit of protest against the present political organization of society\, from which women are excluded\ ," as the official program stated. While studying in England\, Paul had hea rd the British suffragist Christabel Pankhurst speak and joined the Women's Social and Political Union\, being jailed a number of times in the process . She returned to the US in 1910 and continued to campaign for women's righ ts leading to the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Women's Suffrage Procession Anniversary (1913) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:CEA71D64-2586-416A-933E-D773BD8154C6 UID:CEA71D64-2586-416A-933E-D773BD8154C6 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240324 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240325 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:B35F1422-7813-45C8-B821-C40E0896D101 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:William Morris (1834-1896) was a 19th century British textile d esigner\, novelist\, poet\, translator\, and social activist. Morris was a leading influence on the international Arts and Crafts Movement\, which pus hed back against industrial mass production and sought to preserve traditio nal modes of craftsmanship and decorative design. A committed socialist\, M orris was also a leading figure in the British Socialist League\, editing i ts monthly newspaper and providing the organization with financial support. Morris' work and legacy are wide-ranging\, touching everything from revolu tionary politics to art\, literature\, and design. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:William Morris (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:A4EA6E73-F97A-4616-B208-F10022F5FD43 UID:A4EA6E73-F97A-4616-B208-F10022F5FD43 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240708 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240709 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:B377D11C-C5EF-41F2-84EC-BC79E3B86B83 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Kett's Rebellion was a revolt in 16th century England\, largely in response to the enclosure of land by wealthy landowners\, which left pe asants with nowhere to graze their animals. Many landowners evicted tenants in order to increase the size of their enclosures\, leading to widespread economic hardship. One of the targets of the revolt\, yeoman farmer Robert Kett\, chose to support the rebels and ultimately led a force of 16\,000 wh ich took over the city of Norwich and held out for nearly 2 months\, defeat ing a siege from the Royal Army in the process. Though Norwich would eventu ally fall to a massive legion of foreign mercenaries in August 1549 before Kett himself was hanged for treason later that year\, Kett's Rebellion is c ommemorated in the names of schools\, streets\, and pubs in the Norwich reg ion and features in many literary works from the 19th and 20th centuries. T oday the story of the uprising lives on as an inspirational tale of everyda y resistance to unjust power and greed. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Kett's Rebellion Anniversary (UK\, 1549) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5CBE4710-BDFE-4571-8EA4-8BC391312744 UID:5CBE4710-BDFE-4571-8EA4-8BC391312744 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240504 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240505 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:B6BE8C42-123E-4740-AB84-632C0F257AA1 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On this date in 1886\, during a rally in Chicago's Haymarket Sq uare to support workers striking for an eight-hour workday\, a bomb was thr own and eight men in the crowd thought to be anarchists were arrested. Four of them were hanged\, despite a lack of evidence against them\, in what wa s widely viewed as a miscarriage of justice. The event\, which caused an in ternational furor and became a turning point in the history of American org anized labor\, is considered to be the origin behind International Workers' Day on the 1st of May. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Haymarket Affair (1886) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:AE6E92A7-A748-4809-8965-32890787D862 UID:AE6E92A7-A748-4809-8965-32890787D862 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241005 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241006 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:C1961EFE-54E9-4BD4-90FE-B639B65E4AAB CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Tecumseh (1768-1813) was a Native American warrior and leader w ho attempted to create a multi-tribal confederacy (known as Tecumseh's Conf ederacy) in response to the continued encroachment of western settlers onto Native American lands during the early 19th century. Tecumseh's Confederac y sided with British soldiers in Canada during the War of 1812\, with the g oal of creating an independent Native American nation based in the Great La kes region. Tecumseh was killed during the war and his goal never realized\ , though he continues to be revered for his stirring oratory\, determined l eadership\, and resistance to the confiscation of Native American lands. He is considered a hero of Canadian independence\, having helped to beat back an northward American offensive in 1813. Somewhat ironically\, numerous to wns and schools across the midwestern United States also bear his name. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Tecumseh (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:DEB9E69D-EB0F-484A-A9E2-834A86C25D96 UID:DEB9E69D-EB0F-484A-A9E2-834A86C25D96 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240612 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240613 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:C23A60A8-A221-44F7-BE69-B1449BC1C883 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Faslane Peace Camp is a permanent peace camp situated next to t he Faslane Naval Base in Scotland. Set up on this date in 1982\, the camp i s the world's longest-running active demonstration site and was originally set up as part of the anti-nuclear weapons movements of the 1980s. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Establishment of the Faslane Peace Camp (1982) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:CD0170F5-64C4-4CEF-A76D-A02B30CB0920 UID:CD0170F5-64C4-4CEF-A76D-A02B30CB0920 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240626 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240627 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:C6FBF4E6-CBD2-4839-830B-10BFEF2AA57D CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On this date in 2015\, the US Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that the right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples under the 14th Amendment o f the United States Constitution. The product of a three-year court battle challenging state-level bans on same-sex marriage\, the landmark decision b y the Supreme Court in Obergefell v. Hodges requires all US states to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples\, while recognising same-sex marriag es performed in other jurisdictions\, officially making marriage equality t he law of the land across the United States and its territories. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:US Supreme Court Decision Legalizing Same-Sex Marriage (2015) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:534A85D8-7154-4E3C-B33C-DAEAFEBD1F4F UID:534A85D8-7154-4E3C-B33C-DAEAFEBD1F4F END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240310 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240311 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:C897545A-C0AB-436F-982E-568327BB25A3 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Harriet Tubman (1822-1913) was never far from the struggle for equal rights and human liberation throughout her long life\, from the work on the Underground Railroad for which she is famous\, to her later years as an activist in the women's suffrage movement in the early 20th century. Bo rn into slavery in Dorchester County\, Maryland\, Tubman escaped to Philade lphia in 1849 before immediately returning to rescue her family. Tubman wou ld make some 13 return trips to the South to liberate family\, friends\, an d relatives - at great personal risk to herself - guiding them to freedom i n the northern United States and British North America (present-day Canada) using a clandestine network of anti-slavery activists and safe houses to f acilitate the journey. Tubman later helped the abolitionist John Brown recr uit troops for his 1859 raid on Harper's Ferry\, and helped lead multiple a ttacks on Confederate plantations and infrastructure during the Civil War. Toward the end of her life\, Tubman joined the campaign for women's suffrag e. With the struggle against slavery still in living memory\, Tubman moved audiences around the country with tales of her heroic actions before and af ter the Civil War\, offering these sacrifices as evidence and living proof that women deserved the same rights as men. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Harriet Tubman (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:3A6D3C77-69DE-40A0-A56E-9ACD6581E91B UID:3A6D3C77-69DE-40A0-A56E-9ACD6581E91B END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240301 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240302 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:C92597E4-4A9B-4063-BD7E-2B9453AE9675 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Women's History Month celebrates the everyday contributions of women across the world to events in history and contemporary society. It is celebrated during March in the United States\, United Kingdom\, and Austra lia\, in connection with International Women's Day on March 8th. Women's Hi story Month traces its origins to the United States\, where it was first de signated in 1987. Since then the tradition has spread to other countries ar ound the world. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Start of Women's History Month TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:26173B69-A860-45CC-BFCC-2430E53DA162 UID:26173B69-A860-45CC-BFCC-2430E53DA162 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241130 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241201 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:C92879B7-DFEE-445B-9D56-E82DA7BC75DA CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Shirley Chisholm (1924-2005) was a New York City-born educator\ , activist\, and politician who achieved a number of historic "firsts." Aft er being elected to the New York State Assembly in 1965\, in 1968 Chisholm became the first black woman elected to the United States Congress\, repres enting Brooklyn's Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood and surrounding area. Chi sholm later ran for president in 1972\, becoming the first woman to run for the Democratic presidential nomination and the first African American to r un for President of the United States. Though Chisholm was unsuccessful in her bid\, the historic nature of her candidacy established a foundation upo n which others would later build. Chisholm went on to serve for seven terms in Congress\, compiling a legislative record which included an expansion o f the food stamp program\, an expansion of the minimum wage to cover domest ic workers\, and the creation of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women\, Infants\, and Children (WIC)\, which today serves 53 percent o f all infants born in the United States. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Shirley Chisholm (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:05A8FBDE-0A3F-4DFB-A075-297992AB2562 UID:05A8FBDE-0A3F-4DFB-A075-297992AB2562 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241011 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241012 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:CE7053FE-BCE2-40CF-A22B-2E35956B95A0 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962) remains the longest-tenured First Lady in American history\, having served throughout her husband Franklin D elano Roosevelt's term in office from 1933 to 1945. Eleanor was a particula rly outspoken First Lady\, holding regular press conferences\, writing a da ily newspaper column\, and often taking Franklin's place at public events d ue to his disability\, while significantly reshaping and redefining the rol e of her office. Roosevelt was bold in supporting an increased role for wom en in the workplace and advocating civil rights for African Americans\, mak ing her a controversial public figure at the time. In her later years\, Roo sevelt was the first US delegate to the United Nations from 1945 to 1952\, where she chaired the UN Commission on Human Rights and oversaw the draftin g of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Eleanor Roosevelt (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:55462903-2CBD-405C-A00D-0175986AFD24 UID:55462903-2CBD-405C-A00D-0175986AFD24 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240514 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240515 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:CF67A28D-FF19-4AB5-8037-4BA5A107EBC4 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Magnus Hirschfeld (1868-1935) was a German physician and sexual researcher who was an early and public gay rights activist at a time when such activities were exceedingly dangerous and rare. Born into Imperial Ger many as a gay man himself\, Hirschfeld spent most of his career publishing research on homosexuality\, offering medical support to LGBT men and women\ , and publicly fighting for the repeal of Paragraph 175\, a section of the 1871 German penal code which criminalized homosexuality. He was also a lead ing male campaigner for the rights of women. In 1919\, Hirschfeld establish ed the Institute for Sexual Research in Berlin\, a vast library and medical clinic which also housed Hirschfeld's personal archives. During the 1920s\ , people traveled from around the world to visit Hirschfeld's institute and gain a clearer understanding of their sexuality. Troubled by political dev elopments in Germany\, Hirschfeld departed for a world tour in 1930\, never to return. Within months of the Nazis taking power in 1933\, the Institute for Sexual Research was ransacked and all its volumes looted and burned. H irschfeld exiled himself to the South of France\, where he died on his 67th birthday in May 1935. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Magnus Hirschfeld (Birthday and Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:56199DE6-0230-4057-822D-82BCBC5F9DCC UID:56199DE6-0230-4057-822D-82BCBC5F9DCC END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241204 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241205 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:DCBED5A7-43CF-45A5-B786-83E2C9138872 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) was a German-born philosopher and pol itical theorist. Widely considered to be one of the most important politica l philosophers of the 20th century\, Arendt was raised in a merchant Jewish family and imprisoned by Hitler's Gestapo while researching anti-Semitic p ropaganda in 1933. Arendt fled Germany\, settled in Paris\, and then fled E urope altogether when Germany invaded France in 1940. Arendt established he rself in New York and became a United States citizen. She wrote widely on p olitics\, totalitarianism\, power\, revolution\, and the human condition. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Hannah Arendt (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5B925C9A-6361-4A8A-B933-AFA10803B463 UID:5B925C9A-6361-4A8A-B933-AFA10803B463 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240313 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240314 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:E82FF6FB-B7A1-4D61-ABFE-B8F716B0E6DF CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Susan Brownell Anthony (1820-1906) was an activist and remains a revered figure in the United States women's suffrage movement. She was al so a prominent abolitionist\, participating in the Underground Railroad and contravening a gag rule against anti-slavery petitions by organizing the c ollection of signatures in a massive effort which helped pressure Congress into adopting the 13th Amendment to the Constitution outlawing slavery. Wor king with her friend Elizabeth Cady Stanton\, Anthony later launched a wome n's rights newspaper in 1868 called "Revolution\," and founded a number of groups campaigning for women's suffrage. Anthony was arrested and convicted in 1872 for being the first woman to vote in a Presidential election\, but by the end of her life had become a respected public figure. The Nineteent h Amendment to the United States Constitution\, which gave women the right to vote in 1920\, is known as the "Anthony Amendment." LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Susan B. Anthony (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:1CDBB9D8-602C-4866-9A99-D0C3111CA1CB UID:1CDBB9D8-602C-4866-9A99-D0C3111CA1CB END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240724 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240725 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:EDE9DDA9-0DAF-493E-8E55-D6C2E609099B CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:July 24th is celebrated as Simon Bolivar Day throughout much of South America\, honoring the birthday of Simon Bolivar (1783-1830). Nickna med "El Libertador" (The Liberator)\, Bolivar was the Venezuelan-born milit ary and political leader who led a vast territory including the modern-day nations of Venezuela\, Bolivia\, Ecuador\, Colombia\, Peru\, and Panama in its rebellion from the Spanish Empire during the 1810s and 1820s. Bolivar w as inspired by the American Revolution and had dreams of a united Spanish A merica which would be modelled on the structure of the United States. While he fell short in achieving this goal\, Bolivar's efforts resulted in the c reation of multiple new independent nations and for this he is widely seen as the founding father of modern-day South America. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Simon Bolivar Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:0D51D559-205F-495B-93C0-EBC6C6226309 UID:0D51D559-205F-495B-93C0-EBC6C6226309 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240622 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240623 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:F4CC1492-3765-4991-A86C-119A43EF372F CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Windrush Day was created in 2018 to mark the 70th anniversary o f the arrival of the Empire Windrush\, a ship which carried 492 migrants to Britain from the Caribbean in June 1948 and started what historians have c alled "the rise of multicultural Britain." The so-called Windrush Generatio n refers to those on board the original Windrush ship as well as the more t han 125\,000 people of West Indian origin who would migrate to Britain in t he ensuing decade. Windrush Day celebrates the economic\, social\, and cult ural contributions of the Windrush Generation\, who helped rebuild the Unit ed Kingdom following World War II while enriching Britain's diversity and b eginning a wave of new migration to the UK from former British colonies and commonwealth countries in the years to come. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Windrush Day (UK) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:487C5855-BCA8-40E7-B4C4-431CACD4CB11 UID:487C5855-BCA8-40E7-B4C4-431CACD4CB11 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240421 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240422 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:F60DDA8E-95B1-4D48-A551-6A1505309DC5 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:John Muir (1838-1914) was a Scottish-American naturalist\, auth or\, and activist whose campaigns for the preservation of wilderness areas in the western United States resulted in the creation of Yosemite National Park. Muir also co-founded the Sierra Club\, which helped establish a numbe r of additional national parks following Muir's death and with over 2.4 mil lion members is today one of the world's foremost environmental organizatio ns. Revered as the conscience of the modern environmental movement\, Muir's influence extended to the highest levels of political power\, driven large ly by his exploratory writings and unrelenting activism on behalf of nature . April 21st is celebrated as John Muir Day in the State of California as w ell as in Scotland\, Muir's birthplace. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:John Muir (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:0AC92DF2-973F-47B7-B03E-91D84BF058D4 UID:0AC92DF2-973F-47B7-B03E-91D84BF058D4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240525 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240526 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:F9539FF8-9C5B-406A-A22E-01E1DBC4348E CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) was an Irish-born poet and playwright w hose trial and eventual imprisonment in 1895 drew international media atten tion. Moving to London following university\, Wilde became one of the most successful writers of his time\, authoring such works as The Picture of Dor ian Gray (1890) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). At the height o f his fame\, Wilde was prosecuted for "gross indecency with men\," an injus tice which resulted in Wilde serving two years of hard labor before dying d estitute in Paris at the age of 46. Wilde's fate became a cause celebre for the early gay rights movement\, then largely underground\, inspiring such radical figures as German's Magnus Hirschfeld to honor Wilde by fighting ag ainst similar injustices. May 25th marks the date of Wilde's conviction and the beginning of his imprisonment. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Oscar Wilde imprisoned (1895) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:18FE8956-D9DD-46FE-842A-A75CCB473DFE UID:18FE8956-D9DD-46FE-842A-A75CCB473DFE END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240115 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240116 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:F9B71676-85E4-43C4-A1E6-AFC7F969760F CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Rosa Luxemburg's life and untimely murder has inspired generati ons of future radicals and crusaders for social justice. After migrating to Germany from her native Poland during the late 1890s\, Luxemburg (1871-191 9) became one of the leading figures in the development of German socialism and revolutionary ideology. Imprisoned in 1915 for her opposition to the F irst World War\, Luxemburg co-founded the Spartacus League\, whose communis t uprising against the German government in the aftermath of the war led to Luxemburg's brutal capture and murder by right-wing paramilitaries in Janu ary 1919. Luxemburg would become idolized as a martyr to the cause in the f uture communist East Germany\, but her ideas around the central importance of freedom within revolutionary politics were decidedly different from thos e who later used communism as a pretext for social control and repression. Nowhere is this more apparent than in Luxemburg's quotation\, conveniently ignored by Communist Party elites\, which would become a rallying cry for y oung East German dissidents seeking their own freedom in the late 1980s:\n\ n"Freedom always also means freedom for those who think differently."\n\n LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Rosa Luxemburg (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:184E7EE3-A11A-48DF-BF98-7C01D31F607A UID:184E7EE3-A11A-48DF-BF98-7C01D31F607A END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240529 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240530 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:FA9D1649-D849-49E6-915E-561AED8E9306 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Designated by the UN General Assembly in December 2002\, the In ternational Day of United Nations Peacekeepers is a day to pay tribute to t he men and women who have served and continue to serve in United Nations pe acekeeping operations for their high level of professionalism\, dedication\ , and courage and to honor the memory of those who have lost their lives in the cause of peace. The date marks the creation of the first-ever UN peace keeping mission\, the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) formed in 1948 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1948 Arab-Israeli wa r. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:AF93BD42-4DF8-4CDF-8DED-06AD082A7672 UID:AF93BD42-4DF8-4CDF-8DED-06AD082A7672 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241225 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241226 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:FB0E8928-039E-472B-A4DD-D1405F274393 CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:In Pakistan\, Christmas is also known as Jinnah Day\, honoring the apparent birthday of the country's first leader\, Mohammed Ali Jinnah ( 1876-1948). Jinnah led the All-India Muslim League\, which represented Indi a's minority Muslim population in the movement for liberation from the Brit ish Empire. Jinnah envisioned a pluralistic Islamic republic taking shape n ext to modern-day India\, going to great lengths to pursue equal rights for Christians and other minorities. In one such action\, Jinnah leveraged his lofty reputation to tell an adoring nation that his birthday was the 25th of December\, though school records show it to have actually been the 20th of October. Showcasing his skills as a diplomat with a righteous sense of m ischief\, this radical revision by Jinnah ensured that Christians in Pakist an would have a day off to celebrate their cherished holiday\, while standi ng as an example of the peace and goodwill Jinnah hoped to achieve in his n ewly independent nation. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Jinnah Day (Pakistan) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5BC7B5C5-964D-45FB-9462-436607D53ECF UID:5BC7B5C5-964D-45FB-9462-436607D53ECF END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240521 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240522 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:aggkh7pt28opqre89p0ogohubo@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Levellers Day recalls the execution of three soldiers in Burfor d\, England\, on the orders of Oliver Cromwell in 1649. The soldiers belong ed to the Levellers movement\, which believed in civil rights and religious tolerance. The movement initially supported Parliament's side in the Engli sh Civil War\, but subsequently resisted Cromwell's dictatorship. Levellers Day is held annually on the Saturday closest to May 17th and promotes the importance of holding on to ideals of justice and democracy. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:3 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Levellers Day (UK) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:30F554B8-16E4-45EE-8B43-459D26218381 UID:30F554B8-16E4-45EE-8B43-459D26218381 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240127 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240128 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:b4bf55can00pfd5ckffomuo4n8@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:January 27th is the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz- Birkenau in 1945\, the largest Nazi death camp during the Second World War. Today the anniversary is observed throughout the world as International Ho locaust Remembrance Day\, a time to remember and reflect upon the millions murdered and persecuted during the Holocaust as well as later genocides in Cambodia\, Rwanda\, Bosnia and Darfur. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Holocaust Remembrance Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:AFB298CE-8FF2-4721-98E5-A9D772303296 UID:AFB298CE-8FF2-4721-98E5-A9D772303296 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240521 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240522 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:bofhla0b19jtunkcvuh7u38r6o@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:International Tea Day is an annual celebration started in 2005 by trade union movements in tea producing countries like India\, Kenya and Vietnam. The day seeks to draw attention to the global tea trade and its im pact on workers. It used to be held in December\, before it was adopted by the UN in 2019 and scheduled for 21st May. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:3 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Tea Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:3415BF03-8AF2-4FF6-885F-07BC301414A2 UID:3415BF03-8AF2-4FF6-885F-07BC301414A2 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240201 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240202 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:boscemva1mink615el075cnsek@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Black History Month is celebrated in the United States and Cana da each February. Black History Month traces its origins to Negro History W eek which was first created in 1926 with the week chosen to coincide with t he birthdays of Abraham Lincoln (February 12th) and Frederick Douglass (Feb ruary 14th). An annual monthlong celebration of black history was later pro posed by students and educators at Kent State University in 1969\, and adop ted one year later. By the mid-1970s\, Black History Month was celebrated a cross the United States and officially recognized by US President Gerald Fo rd in 1976. Originally intended to celebrate black history and culture in t he United States\, Black History Month has since spread to Canada\, as well as the United Kingdom\, Ireland\, and the Netherlands\, where it is celebr ated in October. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Start of Black History Month (US\, February) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:A1276AFE-EF93-4182-AD33-E52560CD36CD UID:A1276AFE-EF93-4182-AD33-E52560CD36CD END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240905 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240906 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:c1m2s6cu7np167shkvohlqnbt4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The International Day of Charity was declared by the United Nat ions General Assembly in 2012 and seeks to raise awareness of charitable ac tivities worldwide. The date of September 5th was chosen to commemorate the death of Mother Teresa\, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for he r charitable work. The original UN resolution invites members to encourage charitable activities through educational and awareness-raising events. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day of Charity TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:E3F01840-C9BF-48FC-9111-1D126AD769AB UID:E3F01840-C9BF-48FC-9111-1D126AD769AB END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241217 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241218 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:e8imt6bdodkr7439i4ifu9kkv8@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Though known as the 'Arab Spring'\, the wave of demonstrations and civil wars that spread through the Arab world began on December 17th 20 10 when a Tunisian man doused himself with gasoline and set himself alight\ , in protest after his roadside fruit stall was closed by the local governm ent. He died on the 4th of January 2011\, and motivated a number of activis t groups\, trade unions and professionals to join together and begin the Tu nisian revolution. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Start of the Arab Spring (2010) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5F4140EE-1357-4239-86D2-6738A40608D4 UID:5F4140EE-1357-4239-86D2-6738A40608D4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240428 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240429 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:e8p5rqg4aom96blnb1uv12ddd0@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Workers' Memorial Day marks a day of solidarity with workers ar ound the world who have been killed\, disabled\, injured or made unwell by their work. The day seeks to highlight the preventable nature of most healt h and safety incidents\, and uses the slogan "remember the dead\, but fight for the living." LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Workers' Memorial Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:C3B751EA-A0C2-455C-AD13-35FBEB8BA146 UID:C3B751EA-A0C2-455C-AD13-35FBEB8BA146 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240704 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240705 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:f6b2fi5fjeuschrum38l31hf04@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 4th of July marks the birth of the United States of America as a nation\, recalling the Declaration of Independence made in 1776. The Continental Congress of the thirteen American colonies had actually passed a resolution of independence from the British Empire on July 2nd\, but subs equently debated the additional declaration which explained its decision. T he American Revolution had already been underway since 1775\, and continued to 1783 in victory for the new United States. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:US Independence Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:AFEC24AA-BC63-4A8C-B6CA-FCF3C7F7BC38 UID:AFEC24AA-BC63-4A8C-B6CA-FCF3C7F7BC38 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240501 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240502 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:g3mmqbaqqc9f9ec4jo79ia0ld0@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Also known as Labour Day outside the United States\, Internatio nal Workers' Day celebrates the working class and trades union movements. T he event was first declared in 1891 by the Second International\, an intern ational organization of socialist and communist political parties\, and is celebrated in Europe\, Africa and South America on the 1st of May. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Workers' Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:799AE836-F7D6-4923-899F-2924D71B07DF UID:799AE836-F7D6-4923-899F-2924D71B07DF END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241202 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241203 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:ghd82ae41a47nq5uk9128of34g@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The International Day for the Abolition of Slavery has been mar ked since 1986. It marks the day in 1949 when the United Nations General As sembly adopted the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others. The day focuses on the need to eradicate modern day slavery including human trafficking\, child l abor and sexual exploitation. The UK's Anti-Slavery Day is held on the 18th of October. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day for the Abolition of Slavery TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:3CF1F448-FC9C-4515-AF3C-8D252285580D UID:3CF1F448-FC9C-4515-AF3C-8D252285580D END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241011 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241012 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:h8vsp06n8qjpg1lq2j5v4rrc0cr20191011@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:National Coming Out Day promotes the idea of being open about o ne's sexuality. It was started in the US in 1988\, based on the belief that homophobia thrives in an atmosphere of silence and ignorance\, and that li ving life as an openly gay\, lesbian\, bisexual or transgender person was a n effective form of personal liberation and would encourage more tolerant v iews towards the LGBTQ community generally. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:National Coming Out Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:F027F859-6190-487F-A6FA-8D1C33CA7DAE UID:F027F859-6190-487F-A6FA-8D1C33CA7DAE END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241111 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241112 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:hfpoo34e8qnio32aaih30sjefk@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Veterans Day\, also known as Armistice Day or Rememberance Day in other countries which fought in the First World War\, is commemorated on the 11th of November\, marking the armistice signed between the Allies and Central Powers. The armistice came into effect at 11am: the eleventh hour\ , of the eleventh day\, of the eleventh month in 1918. Formerly known as Ar mistice Day in the United States\, the name was changed to Veterans Day in 1954 to honor all those who have served and continue to serve in the United States Armed Forces. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Veterans Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:899E6636-8139-492A-9766-68384E2B8CE9 UID:899E6636-8139-492A-9766-68384E2B8CE9 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240915 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240916 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:jbl4753p0cip4jj5l5kih83gm4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The International Day of Democracy was designated by the UN in 2007\, for the purpose of promoting and upholding the principles of democra cy. The UN's 2007 Resolution noted that while different varieties of democr acy exist in the world\, it is "a universal value\, based on the freely-exp ressed will of the people to determine their own political\, economic\, soc ial and cultural systems\, and their full participation in all aspects of l ife." LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day of Democracy TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:14F04B6F-02F6-4024-B16D-522B86B0E3BC UID:14F04B6F-02F6-4024-B16D-522B86B0E3BC END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241002 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241003 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:jc12rqv9v9vumldg3v45vb14gc@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:'Gandhi Jayanti' is a national holiday in India\, and also know n worldwide as the International Day of Nonviolence\, recognized by the Uni ted Nations since 2007. Gandhi's birthday is also marked as World Farm Anim al Day\, in reference to his vegetarianism. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Mahatma Gandhi (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:9DA13578-A9EA-4CD5-9D36-ED7015B476AA UID:9DA13578-A9EA-4CD5-9D36-ED7015B476AA END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241203 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241204 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:l7osd2q87uvbmqva6a3acic6oc@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The International Day of Persons with Disabilities has been pro moted by the United Nations since 1992. The day aims to promote understandi ng of disability issues and the rights and well-being of persons with disab ilities. About one billion people in the world live with some form of disab ility\, 80% of whom live in the developing world. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day of Persons with Disabilities TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:DCF56E09-12C4-409F-AEE1-A1006F62DF7C UID:DCF56E09-12C4-409F-AEE1-A1006F62DF7C END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240921 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240922 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:l8ooq6cjrqq6m3sse6449j47ic@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The International Day of Peace\, celebrated since 1982\, is ded icated to the "absence of war and violence\," so as to include temporary ce asefires in addition to more permanent states of peace. The day is inaugura ted by the ringing of the United Nations Peace Bell at the UN Headquarters in New York City\, and seeks to commemorate and strengthen ideals of peace. The date occurs close to the opening annual session of the UN General Asse mbly every September. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Peace Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:0B2ACED6-37C9-4421-84E1-7B7B4F4F77E3 UID:0B2ACED6-37C9-4421-84E1-7B7B4F4F77E3 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241109 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241110 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:lqmoqjiglrlajmemh6den9g8o4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On November 9th 1989\, the Berlin Wall\, a concrete barrier enc losing West Berlin from the east of the city and East Germany beyond\, was opened. The barrier had prevented emigration and defection from the communi st-run Eastern bloc of countries to the democratic West since its construct ion in 1961. In late 1989\, civil unrest throughout East Germany and the po litical liberalization of neighboring Eastern bloc countries led the East G erman government to announce that its citizens could temporarily visit West Germany. Though the original change was not meant to apply to permanent tr avel and intended to take effect the next day\, a botched Sunday night pres s conference on the evening of the 9th of November by a hastily informed Co mmunist Party official led to confusion and large crowds of anxious people spontaneously gathering at checkpoints between East and West Berlin. By 10: 45pm the gates to the Bornholmer Strasse border crossing in Berlin were ope ned under massive pressure from the crowds\, abruptly ending the division o f East and West Germany in a single night and beginning the process of Germ an reunification which would become official less than one year later. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5B83EC83-6A84-4026-8386-151A05454E77 UID:5B83EC83-6A84-4026-8386-151A05454E77 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241001 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241002 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:marpkj7cd3c75tteamt8ljtng4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The North American Vegetarian Society first established World V egetarian Day in 1977. The purpose of the event is to raise awareness of th e ethical\, environmental\, health and humanitarian benefits of a vegetaria n lifestyle. All of October is marked as Vegetarian Month\, ending on the 1 st of November which is World Vegan Day. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:3 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Vegetarian Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:9A54CA17-7F20-4EF8-8A02-4FD3CA6CE1B2 UID:9A54CA17-7F20-4EF8-8A02-4FD3CA6CE1B2 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240321 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240322 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:nqcriubmg3i4tjggl2gvh9aq2o@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 21st of March is the anniversary of events in 1960\, when p olice opened fire and killed 69 people at a peaceful demonstration against apartheid laws in Sharpeville\, South Africa. The United Nations General As sembly proclaimed an annual observation of the day in 1966. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:4DDA1213-BA95-403D-B8E1-A23E136C9597 UID:4DDA1213-BA95-403D-B8E1-A23E136C9597 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240508 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240509 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:nt4aqjdp0c702qsmj061af0hqk@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Victory in Europe day marks the public holiday celebrated on Ma y 8th 1945\, following Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender to the Allies in the Second World War. The Nazis' surrender was signed shortly before mi dnight European time making it the early hours of the morning in Russia\; a s a result\, the day is traditionally celebrated on the 9th of May in forme r Soviet Union countries. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:VE Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:50D4A374-4AD0-4E11-A5CC-FCC2A587A886 UID:50D4A374-4AD0-4E11-A5CC-FCC2A587A886 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240308 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240309 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:oc3qacueafq4q9e9a0edrghh9k@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:International Women's Day traces its origins to the women's rig hts movement of the early 20th century\, having been first proposed by Germ an campaigner Clara Zetkin at an international conference in Copenhagen. Th e day is a celebration of the social\, economic\, political and cultural ac hievements of women worldwide. The annual campaign calls for gender parity and raises funds to support initiatives towards this goal. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Women's Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:5CCD6AC0-A07B-4A94-BE8B-E603DD92CBC2 UID:5CCD6AC0-A07B-4A94-BE8B-E603DD92CBC2 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240422 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240423 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:od86r3t6m49oid33a3tchqulbc@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The first Earth Day was held on April 22nd in 1970 and is credi ted with launching the modern environmental movement. The Earth Day Network seeks to broaden and mobilize the worldwide movement to build a sustainabl e environment\, address climate change and protect the Earth for future gen erations. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Earth Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:E4C05E8D-1E87-48E8-89F5-A4FE48C215AF UID:E4C05E8D-1E87-48E8-89F5-A4FE48C215AF END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241017 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241018 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:p5kq1uh0ntktfgq054l8td29bc@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The first observance of the International Day for the Eradicati on of Poverty took place in Paris in 1987\, when 100\,000 people gathered t o honor worldwide victims of poverty and hunger\, and unveil a commemorativ e stone by Father Joseph Wresinski\, a lifelong anti-poverty campaigner who founded the ATD Fourth World movement in 1957. The day was recognized by t he United Nations General Assembly in 1992. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Day for the Eradication of Poverty TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:1CA9552B-FDCC-4D72-B79A-66AB725989E4 UID:1CA9552B-FDCC-4D72-B79A-66AB725989E4 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240823 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240824 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:q5gej3u757q9fiom5is5qa1c6g@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade an d its Abolition is the UNESCO designated day to remember the transatlantic slave trade. The nights of the 22nd and 23rd of August 1791 saw an uprising by slaves on the island of Haiti (then Saint Domingue)\, which grew into t he Haitian revolution and abolished slavery on the island. The uprising cha llenged beliefs about black inferiority and had a widespread impact in the battle against the Atlantic slave trade. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Day of Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:49115121-9E9A-4144-962A-1670D12CD447 UID:49115121-9E9A-4144-962A-1670D12CD447 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240816 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240817 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:rmngumt8hh2r1aqslt1afsasfo@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:On the 16th of August 1819\, at St Peter's Field in Manchester\ , England\, government cavalry charged into a crowd of over 60\,000 demonst rators who had gathered to demand democratic rights. The Manchester Patriot ic Union had organized the demonstration\, and it took place in the context of economic hardship exacerbated by the Napoleonic War and the Corn Laws. Local magistrates ordered the military to disperse the crowd\, and in the r esulting chaos\, 15 were killed and 400-700 injured. The name 'Peterloo' wa s given in ironic comparison to the Battle of Waterloo which took place in 1815. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Peterloo Massacre Anniversary (UK\, 1819) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:60611DDD-E2D1-4DA2-AC12-1F5EF4E7BB18 UID:60611DDD-E2D1-4DA2-AC12-1F5EF4E7BB18 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240620 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240621 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:se67crr26rqnujpqvnspc8u8og@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:World Refugee Day has since 2001 been designated by the United Nations as a day to raise awareness of the situation of refugees. Events ar e held by the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and civic groups worldwide to draw attention to the millions of refugees and internally displaced persons\, wh o have been forced to flee their homes to escape war and persecution. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Refugee Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:427AC3EF-0D13-4F26-AA9B-C5581708E718 UID:427AC3EF-0D13-4F26-AA9B-C5581708E718 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240508 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240509 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:seb456c3al5thr5fmcj9f64qss@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 8th of May is also designated as an annual celebration of t he principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent movement. The day marks the anniversary of the birth of Henry Dunant (1828-1910)\, found er of the Red Cross and recipient of the first Nobel Peace Prize. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:812EEAE1-EBC0-4514-BECD-810CA815BC2F UID:812EEAE1-EBC0-4514-BECD-810CA815BC2F END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240814 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240816 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:t1tvrnbaqho8gib7c4448lc0m4@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 14th of August (Pakistan) and 15th of August (India) are na tional holidays celebrating the independence of both modern-day countries f rom the British Empire in 1947. Pakistan and India's independence were even tually gained after a long but largely nonviolent struggle led by the India n National Congress - represented by figures like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaha rlal Nehru\, who became India's first Prime Minister - and the All-India Mu slim League\, led by Mohammed Ali Jinnah\, who became Pakistan's first Gove rnor-General. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Pakistan and Indian Independence Days TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:0F37B66A-941C-4856-9C03-B204A6DA96F6 UID:0F37B66A-941C-4856-9C03-B204A6DA96F6 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240702 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240703 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:tkf7emfb59qscohric2t9f1jvc@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The 2nd of July is also the anniversary of the Representation o f the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928 becoming law in the United Kingdom. It was passed by the Conservative government of the day without significan t opposition\, but as the culmination of years of campaigning for women's s uffrage and voting equality by suffragettes and other groups. The act final ly gave women voting rights on the same terms as men\, so that all adults a bove the age of 21 could now vote (since 1918\, only wealthy women aged 30 and above could vote). As a result\, women became a majority of the elector ate for the first time at the 1929 British election. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:UK Equal Franchise Act Anniversary (1928) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:974167AD-CC04-450C-B91F-7A03C56AD6CE UID:974167AD-CC04-450C-B91F-7A03C56AD6CE END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240509 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240510 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:tl9vrsbths36cokja57ckntkpgr20190509@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Europe Day is an annual celebration of peace and unity in Europ e. It marks the anniversary of the 1950 declaration by French foreign minis ter Robert Schuman\, which proposed the pooling of the French and West Germ an coal and steel industries and led to the creation of the European Econom ic Community\, forerunner to the modern European Union. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Europe Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:114285B5-E2E1-49DE-8869-606626D2D323 UID:114285B5-E2E1-49DE-8869-606626D2D323 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240921 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240922 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:u0dl0uuju7inet718p7bjivs1o@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:Zero Emissions Day was launched by a Canadian web movement in 2 008\, with the slogan "Giving our planet one day off a year." The campaign seeks to promote the minimization or elimination of the use of fossil fuels for one day each year\, in order to raise awareness of man-made climate ch ange and measures that can be taken to reduce worldwide carbon dioxide emis sions. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Zero Emissions Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:B95B0F5F-2EB6-486C-95BF-BDC4A65A07DE UID:B95B0F5F-2EB6-486C-95BF-BDC4A65A07DE END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240306 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240307 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:ugdnnqhjcp8fdrtfum02seklho@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:The European Day of the Righteous is a celebration established by the European Parliament in 2012 to commemorate those who have resisted c rimes against humanity and totalitarianism. It is celebrated on March 6th t o mark the anniversary of the death of Moshe Bejski\, a Holocaust survivor thanks to Oskar Schindler's famous list\, who was later President of the Ya d Vashem Righteous Commission which recognized non-Jews who had saved Jewis h lives during the Holocaust. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171426Z SEQUENCE:2 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:European Day of the Righteous TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:F43777B8-F798-40A8-8651-B55B9B825D75 UID:F43777B8-F798-40A8-8651-B55B9B825D75 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240115 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240116 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:21a8cbv0hp15iutu0akejbaj9h@google.com CREATED:20240123T171523Z DESCRIPTION:Martin Luther King Day is a federal holiday in the US and is ce lebrated on the third Monday of January each year\, on or around Martin Lut her King'\;s birthday on 15th January. The day commemorates the life and legacy of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) and his lead ership in the campaign for American civil rights as well as his support for similar movements around the world. "\;MLK Day"\; was first celebr ated in 1986\, though it wasn'\;t until the year 2000 that it was offici ally observed in all 50 US states. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171523Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Martin Luther King Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240427 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240428 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3ba0d9bhva4uvhe1e9jeltonfm@google.com CREATED:20240123T171608Z DESCRIPTION:Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) was an Italian Marxst philosophe r\, journalist\, linguist\, writer\, and politician and a founding member a nd one-time leader of the Italian Communist Party. A vocal critic of Benito Mussolini and fascism\, he was imprisoned in 1926 in the Roman prison Regi na Coeli where he remained until his death in 1937.
During his impris onment\, Gramsci wrote more than 30 notebooks and 3\,000 pages of history a nd analysis. His '\;Prison Notebooks'\; are considered a highly origi nal contribution to 20th-century political theory and account for much of h is posthumous recognition.
Gramsci is best known for his theory of cu ltural hegemony\, which describes how the state and ruling capitalist class – the bourgeosie – use cultural institutions to maintain power in capitali st societies.
LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171608Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240609 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240610 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:32ijg1mj92958n76v4ebl4tq33@google.com CREATED:20240123T171636Z DESCRIPTION:Jeremiah Brandreth (1785-1817) was an out-of-work stocking m aker\, living in Sutton-in-Ashfield\, Nottinghamshire. He was executed for treason after being convicted of plotting to overthrow the Government of th e United Kingdom as part of a Luddite plot.
The '\;revo lution'\; began on 9 June 1817. Brandreth had held a final meeting at Th e White Horse pub in Pentrich\, Derbyshire\, where he and his fellow conspi rators planned to lead a march on Nottingham where "\;they would receiv e 100 guineas\, bread\, meat and ale."\; They would then lead an attack on the local barracks\, overthrow the government and "\;end poverty fo r ever"\;.
Brandreth led his wet\, despondent and dwindling part y of revolutionaries with determination\, repeating rhymes such as this:
'\;Every man his skill must try
He must turn out and not deny
No bloody soldier must he dread
He must turn out and fight for bread
The time is come you plainly see
The government opposed must be.'\;
The plot was a failure and around 35 men were tried for treason at the Old Bailey for their role in the Pentrich Rising. It is thought that Brand reth and two others\, William Turner and Isaac Ludlam\, known as the Pentri ch Martyrs\, were some of the last people to be beheaded by an axe (posthum ously\, after being hanged) in an execution in Britain.
LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171636Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Penrich Rising (1817) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240706 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240707 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:e394ivpi6ua4h1gqk7j835njvs@google.com CREATED:20240123T171105Z DESCRIPTION:International Cooperatives Day celebrates the worldwide coopera tive movement and is held on the first Saturday of July each year. It was f irst designated by the International Cooperative Alliance in 1923\, but sin ce 1995 (the Alliance's centenary) has also been endorsed by the United Nat ions. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171714Z SEQUENCE:3 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:International Cooperatives Day TRANSP:TRANSPARENT X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:NONE TRIGGER;VALUE=DATE-TIME:19760401T005545Z X-WR-ALARMUID:91B1D106-316F-4CC2-9541-FF0DFCFFF2C8 UID:91B1D106-316F-4CC2-9541-FF0DFCFFF2C8 END:VALARM END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240822 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240823 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:0a4eumgodec1c7lpaq590v5s6f@google.com CREATED:20240123T171731Z DESCRIPTION:Michael Collins (1890-1922) was an Irish revolutionary\, sol dier and politician who was a leading figure in the early-20th century stru ggle for Irish independence. He fought in the Easter Rising in the General Post Office alongside Patrick Pearse\, James Connolly\, and other members o f the Rising leadership.
Collins\, like many of the other participant
s\, was arrested and almost executed. Instead he was imprisoned at Frongoch
internment camp in Wales and was released in 1916.
Collins became o
ne of the leading figures in Sinn Féin after the Rising and is best remembe
red for his daring strategy in directing the campaign of guerrilla warfare
during the intensification of the Anglo-Irish War (1919–21). He was shot an
d killed in August 1922.
It all started with Charles Babbage'\;s '\;Analytical Engine'\; in the early 19th century. This inventor'\;s machine would have become one of the first machines that could properly be called a compu ter... "\;Would have"\;\, if he had ever actually succceeded in bui lding it\, that is. In the meantime\, along came Ada Lovelace\, the daughte r of the outrageously Romantic poet Lord Byron. Her mother had hastily enco uraged her daughter in the field of mathematics\, fearful otherwise that sh e might end up lost in the world of romantic poetry\, like her father.
< p>Whilst Babbage had only conceived of his engine as a mere calculator\, Lo velace realised it could have the capacity to carry out complex operations and symbol manipulation. Collaborating closely with Babbage\, she meticulou sly documented her visionary ideas in her influential Notes \, which introduce the concept of a loop\, a foundational element of modern programming.Lovelace'\;s legacy stands as a reminder of the tran sformative power of a visionary mind and the equal contribution of women to scientific endeavour.
LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171827Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) ( Death Anniversary) TRANSP:OPAQUE END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20250109 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20250110 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3r88aid43jhuj406dflquu8bmt@google.com CREATED:20240123T171846Z DESCRIPTION:One of the preeminent social theorists and intellectuals of the late 20th century\, the Polish-born Zygmunt Bauman (1925-2017) was exiled from his country twice: first as a child during Hitler'\;s invasion in 1 939\, then during a communist purge in 1968 which forced Bauman to give up his Polish citizenship and relocate to Britain. Bauman'\;s experiences i nformed much of his life'\;s work\, which dealt with topics as wide rang ing as modernity\, social exclusion\, consumerism\, and globalisation. Born in 1925\, Bauman passed away in January 2017 at the age of 91. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171846Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Zygmunt Bauman (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20250117 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20250118 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3vdra3d9t90udrlhh00qbabqc8@google.com CREATED:20240123T171850Z DESCRIPTION:Today one of the most celebrated sports figures of all time\, i t is easy to forget that Muhammad Ali (1942-2016) spent much of his early b oxing career as a rebel. Born Cassius Clay before changing his name and con verting to Islam after winning his first world heavyweight championship\, A li was a prominent supporter of the American Civil Rights Movement and famo usly refused to be drafted to the Vietnam War in 1966. Stripped of his pass port\, his titles\, and denied a boxing license in all 50 US states\, Ali r emade himself into an activist\, speaking at university campuses across the United States and appealing his case all the way to the US Supreme Court\, which finally overturned his conviction for draft evasion in 1971. Ali ret urned to boxing and eventually regained his titles\, before turning to reli gion and charity even as his later life was affected by Parkinson'\;s Sy ndrome. A generational talent whose exploits changed the sport of boxing in side the ring\, Ali'\;s status as The Greatest was at least as shaped by his defiance and cultural impact outside of it. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171850Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Muhammad Ali (Birthday) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20250115 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20250116 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:4alu4gmf4sp2dre1cqdni2lfv5@google.com CREATED:20240123T171856Z DESCRIPTION:Rosa Luxemburg'\;s life and untimely murder has inspired gen erations of future radicals and crusaders for social justice. After migrati ng to Germany from her native Poland during the late 1890s\, Luxemburg (187 1-1919) became one of the leading figures in the development of German soci alism and revolutionary ideology. Imprisoned in 1915 for her opposition to the First World War\, Luxemburg co-founded the Spartacus League\, whose com munist uprising against the German government in the aftermath of the war l ed to Luxemburg'\;s brutal capture and murder by right-wing paramilitari es in January 1919. Luxemburg would become idolised as a martyr to the caus e in the future communist East Germany\, but her ideas around the central i mportance of freedom within revolutionary politics were decidedly different from those who later used communism as a pretext for social control and re pression. Nowhere is this more apparent than in Luxemburg'\;s quotation\ , conveniently ignored by Communist Party elites\, which would become a ral lying cry for young East German dissidents seeking their own freedom in the late 1980s:\n\n"\;Freedom always also means freedom for those who thin k differently."\; LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171856Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Rosa Luxemburg (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20250121 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20250122 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:0h17kuiu8ro0hj40j4dub3j9td@google.com CREATED:20240123T171900Z DESCRIPTION:Eric Arthur Blair - better known by his pen name George Orwell - was one of the 20th century'\;s greatest literary radicals. Orwell (19 03-1950) remains known for his straightforward prose addressing issues of s ocial injustice\, dystopia\, and totalitarian rule. Though most famous for the likes of Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty Four (1949)\, Orwell wa s also a keen recorder of non-fiction. Like many writers of his time\, Orwe ll travelled to Spain during the Spanish Civil War to support the Republica n side and join the fight against fascism\, an experience which would have a lasting impact on his political perspective. Homage to Catalonia (1938)\, Orwell'\;s account of his experiences on the Spanish battlefield\, rema ins one of his most acclaimed pieces of work. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171900Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:George Orwell (Death Anniversary) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20250120 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20250121 DTSTAMP:20240123T171950Z UID:3adjgif9se6cqocg67tdjq8uvl@google.com CREATED:20240123T171905Z DESCRIPTION:Martin Luther King Day is a federal holiday in the US and is ce lebrated on the third Monday of January each year\, on or around Martin Lut her King'\;s birthday on 15th January. The day commemorates the life and legacy of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) and his lead ership in the campaign for American civil rights as well as his support for similar movements around the world. "\;MLK Day"\; was first celebr ated in 1986\, though it wasn'\;t until the year 2000 that it was offici ally observed in all 50 US states. LAST-MODIFIED:20240123T171905Z SEQUENCE:0 STATUS:CONFIRMED SUMMARY:Martin Luther King Day (US) TRANSP:TRANSPARENT END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR